{"id":21461,"date":"2024-09-20T12:21:35","date_gmt":"2024-09-20T16:21:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/desis.osu.edu\/seniorthesis\/?p=21461"},"modified":"2024-09-26T11:06:05","modified_gmt":"2024-09-26T15:06:05","slug":"rheumatoid-arthritis-pathology","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/desis.osu.edu\/seniorthesis\/index.php\/2024\/09\/20\/rheumatoid-arthritis-pathology\/","title":{"rendered":"Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathophysiology"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>The article from Johns Hopkins Arthritis Center titled &#8220;RA Pathophysiology&#8221; dives into the underlying biological processes of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).&nbsp; It emphasizes that RA is a complex immune-mediated inflammatory disease (IMID), meaning it involves both the immune system and inflammation (<em>Ra Pathophysiology,<\/em> 2024).&nbsp; Researchers have discovered that multiple pathways, involving various cytokines and cells, contribute to the development and progression of RA.&nbsp; These findings have helped advance treatments, particularly with targeted biological therapies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>One of the main points discussed is that RA is driven by the immune system continuing to attack the body, even after the initial trigger may no longer be present.&nbsp; &#8220;Once initiated and even after a putative trigger may be eliminated, there are feed forward pathways that result in an auto-perpetuating process&#8221; (<em>Ra Pathophysiology,<\/em> 2024).&nbsp; This means that RA continues damaging joints and tissues due to these pathways.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The article also highlights changes in the synovium (the joint lining) in RA patients.&nbsp; Normally, it\u2019s a thin layer of cells, but in RA, it becomes much thicker and filled with inflammatory cells like &#8220;T and B lymphocytes, macrophages, mast cells, and mononuclear cells&#8221; (<em>Ra Pathophysiology,<\/em> 2024).&nbsp; This thickened tissue can act &#8220;like a tumor,&#8221; invading and eroding bone and cartilage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cartilage and bone are also affected in RA. Cartilage, which normally cushions joints, is degraded due to &#8220;proteolytic enzymes (collagenase, stromelysin)&#8221; released by synovial cells and chondrocytes (<em>Ra Pathophysiology,<\/em> 2024).&nbsp; Bone destruction happens through the activation of osteoclasts, which break down bone under the influence of cytokines such as &#8220;TNF and IL1&#8221; (<em>Ra Pathophysiology,<\/em> 2024).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In summary, this article illustrates how the immune system drives RA&#8217;s ongoing inflammation and destruction of joint tissues, which is key to understanding the disease\u2019s progression.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Ra Pathophysiology \u2022 Johns Hopkins Arthritis Center<\/em>. Johns Hopkins Arthritis Center. (2024). https:\/\/www.hopkinsarthritis.org\/arthritis-info\/rheumatoid-arthritis\/ra-pathophysiology-2\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dove Medical Press. (2021).<em> &#8220;Contribution of Toll-Like Receptors and the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathophysiology&#8221;<\/em> [Image]. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dovepress.com\/contribution-of-toll-like-receptors-and-the-nlrp3-inflammasome-in-rheu-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-ITT\">https:\/\/www.dovepress.com\/contribution-of-toll-like-receptors-and-the-nlrp3-inflammasome-in-rheu-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-ITT<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>OpenAI. (2024).\u00a0<em>ChatGPT<\/em>\u00a0(Sept 19 version) [Large language model]. https:\/\/chat.openai.com\/chat<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The article from Johns Hopkins Arthritis Center titled &#8220;RA Pathophysiology&#8221; dives into the underlying biological processes of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).&nbsp; It emphasizes that RA is a complex immune-mediated inflammatory disease (IMID), meaning it involves both the immune system and inflammation (Ra Pathophysiology, 2024).&nbsp; Researchers have discovered that multiple pathways, involving various cytokines and cells, contribute [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":121,"featured_media":21544,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-21461","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-focus"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/desis.osu.edu\/seniorthesis\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21461","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/desis.osu.edu\/seniorthesis\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/desis.osu.edu\/seniorthesis\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/desis.osu.edu\/seniorthesis\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/121"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/desis.osu.edu\/seniorthesis\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21461"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/desis.osu.edu\/seniorthesis\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21461\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22940,"href":"https:\/\/desis.osu.edu\/seniorthesis\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21461\/revisions\/22940"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/desis.osu.edu\/seniorthesis\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/21544"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/desis.osu.edu\/seniorthesis\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21461"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/desis.osu.edu\/seniorthesis\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21461"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/desis.osu.edu\/seniorthesis\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21461"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}